San Antonio Gunslingers

The USFL decided it had to expand to 18 teams for the 1984 season to get more capital. However, efforts to award teams to Minneapolis-St. Paul and Seattle fell through. A series of studies of possible new cities concluded that San Antonio could not support a USFL team. Although San Antonio had surged to become the 10th-largest city in the United States, it has always been a medium-sized market because the surrounding area isn't much larger than the city proper. However, a heavy sales pitch by oilman Manges, plus the desire to give the Houston Gamblers a rival, persuaded the owners to give a franchise to San Antonio.

Despite his oil fortune, Manges didn't make an initial capital investment (as is standard for most major league sports franchises). Rather, he appeared to pay team expenses out-of-pocket as they arose. Until the league ordered them to move, team offices were located in a double-wide trailer in the Alamo Stadium parking lot.

Manges hired local coaching legend Gil Steinke to run the team. In 23 years at nearby Texas A&I, Steinke had a record of 195-63-5, including a 6-1 record in NAIA Championship games. In a league with freespending owners, Steinke's Gunslingers rarely had the edge in talent but most games were very disciplined on the field, allowing them to remain competitive on a shoestring budget.

The Gunslingers showed moments of offensive competence most games, but lacked the game breakers that other teams had. The team was populated with football players, not athletes. If they were going to score, it would be a long drawn out drive. The Gunslingers were an average rushing team, in spite of having no true feature back. QB Rick Neuheisel played solidly for the team, nickel and dimeing the team up and down the field, and the intense "Bounty Hunter" defense led by players like Jeff McIntyre, John Barfield, Peter Raeford and Putt Choate kept the Gunslingers within striking distance almost every week. Notably, the team was +13 in turnovers---a sign of a well coached team.

Coach/general manager Steinke managed to rally the modestly talented team to a 7-7 finish after an 0-4 start, keeping them in playoff contention until the last few weeks of the season. However, the Gunslingers' most enduring memory of that first season was when the lights at Alamo Stadium went out during their second game--and didn't come back on for an hour.

Defensive coordinator Jim Bates was rewarded with a promotion to head coach in 1985. Steinke remained general manager. They also acquired Larry Canada, the Chicago Blitz' leading rusher.

Despite their strong finish, the Gunslingers were known to be badly undercapitalized, unlike most of their USFL brethren. It quickly caught up with them in 1985. Manges' oil fortune collapsed, resulting in a myriad of bounced checks for the players and coaches. QB Rick Neuheisel and LB Jeff McIntyre where the only two players with a personal services contract. When the San Antonio Express-News broke the story, Manges reacted by revoking the paper's press credentials. The situation got so dire at one point that several players traded tickets for food and stayed with sympathetic fans because they couldn't afford to pay the rent for their apartments.

On one occasion, an arbitrator threatened to release 30 players from their contracts if Manges didn't make good on their bounced checks. On another, several players threatened to sit out a June 9 game against the Los Angeles Express unless they were paid. After several missed paydays, Bates threatened to quit unless the players were paid by the team's contest against the Oakland Invaders. The money never arrived, and Bates walked out, forcing Steinke to take over for the last six games of the season.

In June, Manges simply stopped paying the franchise's bills. The players and coaches played the last stretch of the season (depending on the source, as few as three games and as many as six) without being paid. Not surprisingly, the Gunslingers barely survived the season, finishing with the second-worst record in the league.

A month after the season, Commissioner Harry Usher had seen enough, and gave Manges an ultimatum--make restitution for the team's debts in 15 days or lose the franchise. When this didn't occur, the Gunslingers became the only USFL franchise to be revoked.

The Gunslingers' holding company, South Texas Sports, was auctioned off to pay more than $650,000 of debts to former players. The players also sued Manges to recover back pay, but that suit collapsed when Manges filed for bankruptcy. At least some of the players still hadn't been paid at the time of a 1998 reunion, and it is not known if they ever were paid.
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